Tunnel bottleneck management with high-occupancy vehicles priority on intelligent freeways

Abstract Tunnels on freeways, as one of the critical bottlenecks, frequently cause severe congestion and passenger delay. To solve tunnel bottleneck problem, most existing research can be divided into two types. One is to adopt Variable Speed Limits (VSL) regulate a predetermined speed for vehicles get through smoothly. The other High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane management. In HOV management strategies, all traffic HOVs Low-occupancy Vehicles (LOV). are with driver or more passengers. LOVs just driver. This kind grant priority by providing dedicated lane. However, cannot both mitigate maximize passenger-oriented benefits. address gap, this paper leverages Connected Automated (CAV) technologies intelligent freeways develops strategy Dynamic Lane (DHL). bears following features: 1) enable at microscopic level; 2) benefits; 3) even when open LOVs; 4) allocate right-of-way segments in real time; 5) perform well mixed environment. proposed evaluated comparison against non-control baseline VSL strategy. Sensitivity analysis conducted under different levels penetration rates. results demonstrate that outperforms terms delay reduction HOVs'priority level improvement.